UO Psychology Graduate Seminar Winter 2007

Trauma & the Human-Animal Bond

Syllabus Version: 2 March 2007

Winter 2007 Psychology 607 Seminar
Title: Sem Trauma & Human-Animal Bond
CRN: 24451
Instructors: Jennifer Freyd & Pamela Birrell
Grading option: Optional
Credits: 1-4
Time: T 12:00-13:50 in 143 Straub Hall

Application Form: Instructors Consent is Required for graduate students not enrolled in Psychology graduate program (for both students who wish to register and those who wish to audit). Applications will be considered as long as there is space available.

Course Home Page http://dynamic.uoregon.edu/~jjf/courses/psy607-win07/

Course Materials for Registered Students Located at http://blackboard.uoregon.edu/

Clinical Elective: This seminar can be used as a clinical elective for grad students in UO Clinical Psychology program.

Overview: We will consider the emerging empirical research and theoretical literature on the relationship between human trauma and the human-animal bond. Empirical research indicates that the maltreatment of humans by humans and the maltreatment of animals by humans are correlated within individuals and larger social systems. Research also indicates that animals may play a significant role in the prevention of and recovery from human trauma. We will look at the ways human trauma and the human-animal bond relate to (and ask why? and what mechanisms underlie?) the perpetration, prevention, and treatment of trauma.

Required book for the course:

Frank R. Ascione and Phil Arkow (Eds). (1999) Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Animal Abuse: Linking the Circles of Compassion for Prevention and Intervention. Purdue University Press.

(This book will be available for purchase in the text book section of the UO bookstore, and will be on reserve at Knight Library.)

Additional readings:

See weekly reading assignments.

Course Work: Students will be expected to attend all class meetings, do all assigned readings, and to participate actively in seminar discussion. In addition each participant will lead a class discussion and, in advance of the class meeting, create a set of discussion questions by the Friday at noon before the Tuesday class. The student will send the questions to the instructor and then the questions will be distributed to the class via email by the instructor prior to the discussion. After the class, the student(s) leading discussion will create a document including the discussion questions, any other presentation material, and capturing important discussion points from class. This revised document must be submitted to the instructor for posting on the course web site by the Wednesday at noon following class. The revised version of the handout must be in either powerpoint, word, or rich text format.

Topics & Readings by Week

(Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999 = readings from required book)

January 9: Introduction and Organization

Discussion Leaders: Jennifer Freyd & Pam Birrell

January 16: The Human-Animal Bond, Animal Cruetly, and Societal Violence

Discussion Leaders: Melissa Foynes & Annmarie Cholankeril

Readings:

• Animal Cruelty and Societal Violence: A Brief Look Back from the Front
  Randall Lockwood, pp 3-8 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Protecting Children and Animals from Abuse: A Trans-species Concept of Caring
  James Garbarino, pp 9-15 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Bradshaw, G. A., & Finlay, B. L. (2005). Natural symmetry. Nature, 435, 149.
• Bradshaw, G. A., Schore, A. N., Brown, J. L., Poole, J. H., & Moss, C. J. (2005). Elephant breakdown. Nature, 433, 807.
• Bradshaw, G. A. & Sapolksy, R.M. (2006) Mirror, Mirror. American Scientist, 94, 487-489.
• Jaeger, B. (2006). Trauma and elephant psychology: Winkie. Unpublished article . [Will eventually be a chapter in a book in preparation by Jaeger.]
• Patterson, C. (2002). Pages 3-50 in Eternal Treblinka: Our treatment of animals and the holocaust. Lantern Books.
  

January 23: The Evolution of Animal Welfare as a Human Welfare Concern

Guest Speaker: Shanta R. Dube, PhD, MPH (Dube is an epidemiologist at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and is the Project Director for the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study).

Discussion Leader: Bridget Klest

Readings:

• The Evolution of Animal Welfare as a Human Welfare Concern
  Phil Arkow, pp 19-37 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Working Out the Beast: All Alternative History of Western Humaneness
  James A. Serpell, pp 38-49 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Abuse of Animals and Human Interpersonal Violence: Making the Connection
  Frank R. Ascione, pp 50-61 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Another Weapon for Combating Family Violence: Prevention of Animal Abuse
  Charlotte A. Lacroix, pp 62-80 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
  

January 30: Child Abuse and Abuse of Animal: Links and Assessment

Discussion Leader: Shin Shin Tang

Readings:

• Abuse of Children and Abuse of Animals: Using the Links to Inform Child Assessment and Protection
  Barbara W. Boat, pp 83-100 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Taking Animal Abuse Seriously: A Human Services Perspective
  Suzanne Barnard, pp101-108 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Link's Direct Connection to Child Protective Services
  Robert P. Hall, pp 109-119 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• "I'll Only Help You If You Have Two Legs" or, Why Human Service Professionals Should Pay Attention to Cases Involving Cruelty to Animals
  Lynn Loar, pp 120-136 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• First-person Account: Cruelty to Animals, Cruelty to Children
  Anonymous, pp 137-139
  

February 6: Domestic Violence, Family Violence, and Animal Abuse

Discussion Leader: Yvette Pederson & Melissa Pistono

Readings:

• Animal Abuse and the Victims of Domestic Violence
  Star Jorgensen and Lisa Maloney, pp143-158 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Resistance to The Link at a Domestic Violence Shelter
  Anne Grant, pp 159-167 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Animal Abuse and Family Violence
  Jane Ann Quinlisk, pp 168-175 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• First-person Account: Life and Death inside the Cycles of Violence
  Marsha Millikin, pp 176-188 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• First-person Account: A Survivor Remembers
  Annette W., pp 189 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• First-person Account: Out of the Ashes . . . A Program of Hope
  Tamara Barnes, pp 190-196 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.

February 13: Animal Abuse & Reporting Policies

Discussion Leaders: Jennifer Biglan & Robyn Grimes

Readings:

• The Battered Pet: Signs and Symptoms
  Helen M. C Munro, pp 199-208 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Why The Link Is Important to Animal Care, Animal Control, and Veterinary Personnel
  Laurel Lagoni, Carolyn Butler and Patricia Olson, pp 209-220
• Should Veterinarians Tell?
  Robert Reisman and Cindy A. Adams, pp 221-227 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Animal Abuse and Family Violence in a Rural Environment
  Lisa Lembke, pp 228-240 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Veterinarian's Role in Recognizing and Reporting Abuse
  Ruth Landau, pp 241-249 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• A Survey of Veterinarians and a Proposal for Intervention
  Melanie S Sharpe, pp250-256 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Initiating an Animal Abuse Reporting Policy at a Veteirnary Teaching Hospital
  Phil Arkow, pp 257-259 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Relevance of Cultural Competence to the Link between Violence to Animals and People
  Michael E. Kaufmann, pp 260-270 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.

February 20: Legislative and Legal History and Context

Clinical Brown Bag Speaker: Nnamdi Pole, Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan

Discussion Leader: Courtney Jellar

Readings:

• The Prosecutor's Role in Preventing Family Violence
  Wm. Andrew Sharp, pp 273-287 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Legislator's Perspective on Preventing Family Violence
  Patrick Dougherty, pp 288-296 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Zero Tolerance for Cruelty: An Approach to Enhancing Enforcement of State Anticruelty Laws
  Joyce Tischler, pp 297-305 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Treating Serious Animal Abuse as a Serious Crime
  Mitchell Fox, pp 306-315 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Animal Abuse and Law Enforcement
  Sherry Schlueter, pp 316-327 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Cruelty and Abuse to Animals: A Typolog
  Andrew N. Rowan, pp 328-334 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• A Congressional View of the Cycle of Violence
  William S. Cohen, pp 335-337 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Statewide Commission Created for Cross-Reporting Legislation
  Phil Arkow, pp 338-339 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Bryant, T. L. (2006). Trauma, law, and advocacy for animals. Journal of Animal Law and Ethics, 1, 63-138.

February 27: The Use of Animals in Prevention of Human Abuse

Guest Speaker: Debra Durham, Ph.D., Co-founder International Association for Animal Trauma and Recovery will present on "The primate perspective: early life trauma and adult pathology"

Discussion Leader: Deb Merskin

Readings:

• The Challenge of Trying to Promote Kindness to Animals in a Violent Society
  Debbie Duel, pp 343-350 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• How to Build a Successful Community Coalition
  Mary Pat Boa6eld and Sally Vallongo, pp 351-360 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Starting and Sustaining Effective Community Coalitions
  Gary Tiscornia, Hedy Nuriel, and Michele Mitchell, pp 361-366 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Green Chimneys: We Give Troubled Children the Gift of Giving
  Samuel B. Ross, Jr., pp 367-379 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• The Role of Animals in the Emotional and Moral Development of Children
  Mother Hildegard George, pp 380-392 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
  

March 6: The Use of Animals in Intervention of Human Abuse

Guest Speaker: G.A. Bradshaw, Director, The Kerulos Centre for Animal Psychology and Trauma Recovery

Discussion Leader: Laura Kaehler

Readings:

• Forget Me Not Farm: Teaching Gentleness with Gardens and Animals to Children from Violent Homes and Communities
  Carol Rathmann, pp 393-409 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• People and Animals Learning: The PAL Program
  Jill De Grave, pp 410-423 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Kids and Critters: An Intervention to Violence
  Dick Dillman, pp 424-432 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Animal-Assisted Therapy for Sexually Abused Adolescent Females: The Program at Crossroads
  Kelly B. Roseberry and Laurie Morstein Rovin, pp 433-442 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Making Respect Part of the Curriculum
  Pearl Salotto, pp 443-449 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Zamir, T. (2006) The Moral Basis of Animal-Assisted Therapy. Society and Animals, 14, 179-199.

March 13: Summing Up

Discussion Leaders: Pam Birrell & Jennifer Freyd

Readings:

• How to Heal the Sickness? Cherish Women, Children, and Animals
  Scott McVay, pp 453-462 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.
• Recommendations
  Phil Arkow and Frank R. Ascione, pp 463-465 in Ascione & Arkow (Eds) 1999.

Course Readings

Primary Text

• Frank R. Ascione and Phil Arkow (Eds). (1999) Child Abuse, Domestic Violence, and Animal Abuse: Linking the Circles of Compassion for Prevention and Intervention. Purdue University Press.

Additional Readings

• Ascione,F. R. (2005). Children and Animals: Exploring the Roots of Kindness and Cruelty. Purdue University Press.
• Beck, A. M., & Katcher, A. H. (2003). Future directions in human-animal research. American Behavioral Scientist, 47(1), 79-93.
• Bradshaw, G. A., & Finlay, B. L. (2005). Natural symmetry. Nature, 435, 149.
• Bradshaw, G. A., Schore, A. N., Brown, J. L., Poole, J. H., & Moss, C. J. (2005). Elephant breakdown. Nature, 433, 807.
• Bradshaw, G. A. & Sapolksy, R.M. (2006) Mirror, Mirror. American Scientist, 94, 487-489.
• Bryant, T. L. (2006). Trauma, law, and advocacy for animals. Journal of Animal Law and Ethics, 1, 63-138.
• Daston, L. & Mitman, G. (2005) Thinking With Animals: New Perspectives on Anthropomorphism. New York: Columbia University Press.
• Horton sees an image. (2006, November 2). New York Times.
• Jaeger, B. (2006). Trauma and elephant psychology: Winkie. Unpublished article . [Will eventually be a chapter in a book in preparation by Jaeger.]
• Lemonick, M. D. (2005, July 11). Honor among beasts. Time, 166, 54-56.
• Masson, J.M. (1995) When Elephants Weep: The emotional lives of animals. Delta Books.
• Masson, J.M. (1997) Dogs Never Lie About Love: Reflections on the emotional world of dogs. Three Rivers Press.
• Masson, J.M. (1999) The Emperor's Embrace: Reflections on animal famlies and fatherhood. Pocket Books.
• Masson, J.M. (2002) The Nine Emotional Lives of Cats. Ballantine Books.
• Masson, J.M. (2003) The Pig who sand to the mood: The emotional world of farm animals. Ballantine Books.
• Masson, J.M. (2005). Raising the Peaceble Kingdom: What Animals Can Teach us about the Social Origins of Tolerance and Friendship. Ballantine Books.
• Orams, M. B. (2002). Feeding wildlife as a tourism attraction: A review of issues and impacts. Tourism Management, 23, 281-293.
• Nell, V (2006). Cruelty’s rewards: The gratifications of perpetrators and spectators + Peer Commentary. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES, 29, 211–257.
• Patterson, C. (2002). Eternal Treblinka: Our treatment of animals and the holocaust. Lantern Books.
• Pollan, M. (2002). An Animal's Place. New York Times Magazine, November 10, 2002
  
• Shapin, S. (2007, January 22). VEGETABLE LOVE: The history of vegetarianism. New Yorker Issue of 2007-01-22.
• Siebert, C. (2006, January 22). The animal self. The New York Times.
  

• AND MORE TBA
  

Resources

• The Link Between Violence Against Animals & Violence Against Humans
• Delta Society: The Human-Animal Health Connection
• Pet Abuse: Cruelty Connection
• International Association for Animal Trauma and Recovery
• The Kerulos Centre for Animal Psychology and Trauma Recovery
• Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study)
• APA: What Makes Kids Care?
• Children and Animal Cruelty: What Parents Should Know
• PETA's Raising Kind Kids
  

Also see

• For Pam Birrell, please see http://darkwing.uoregon.edu/~pbirrell/
• For J. Freyd course-related web pages, please see http://dynamic.uoregon.edu/~jjf/courses/
• For JJF research-related web pages, please see http://dynamic.uoregon.edu/~jjf/

Jennifer Freyd <jjf@dynamic.uoregon.edu> 02-Mar-2007