The 18-item DARVO-SF is derived from the 72-item long-form DARVO Experiences Questionnaire (DARVO-LF), introduced by Harsey, Zurbriggen, & Freyd (2017). (Here is a link to thefull DARVO-LF.)
DARVO-SF Citations:
Instructions: In this section, we are interested in learning more about confrontations. Please think of a time when you confronted someone who wronged you in some way. Some examples of being wronged include being cheated on in a relationship, being betrayed by a friend or family member, or being mistreated at your workplace.
In the box below, please describe this confrontation. Why did you confront this person? How did he or she react to your confrontation? How did you feel after the confrontation? Please describe this confrontation in the box below. Be sure to write at least one whole paragraph and to include details on how and why you confronted this person, how he or she reacted to the confrontation, and how you felt after the confrontation.
[text entry box]
For the remaining parts of this study, “the confrontation” and “the person you confronted” refer to the situation you described in the box. The “incident” refers to incident(s) that caused you to confront the other person. Please respond to the questions below about the confrontation you described in the box. We would like to know a few things about the person you confronted.
1. What was your relationship with the person you confronted?
Parent or guardian
Sibling
Extended family member (e.g. uncle, aunt, cousin, grandparent)
Friend or acquaintance
Babysitter or nanny
Husband, wife, or romantic partner
Employer or boss
Coworker or other peer
Teacher, coach, doctor, religious counselor, or other professional
Stranger
Other (please specify): ______________
o Sex/gender of person you confronted_______
2. Before the incident, how close were you to the person you confronted?
Not close at all Not very close Somewhat close Very close
3. Before the incident occurred, how much did you trust this person?
Not trusted at all Not really trusted Somewhat trusted Trusted a lot
4. After the incident occurred, how much did you did trust this person?
Not trusted at all Not really trusted Somewhat trusted Trusted a lot
This section is concerned with things the person you confronted might have said to you around the time of the confrontation. Below are a series of statements. We want to know if the person you confronted said anything to you like the statements. Please rate how similar each statement is to what this person told you during or close to time of the confrontation. If you choose 1 for a particular statement, it means that the person you confronted did not say anything at all
like the statement. If you choose 5, it means that the person you confronted said something almost exactly like the statement.
Did the person you confronted say anything like this to you? Please indicate your response for each sentence
below.
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
Strongly disagree (1) ………………………………. Strongly agree (7)
DARVO-SF Item Categorization |
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Deny |
Attack |
Reverse |
“Whatever you’re saying happened isn’t my fault.” |
"You’re just trying to make me look bad” |
"I can’t believe you’re trying to make this my fault” |
"That never happened” |
"You’re acting crazy” |
"I’m the real victim here” |
"You’re remembering it incorrectly” |
"You’re a liar” |
"I am the one who suffered the most from it” |
|
"You’re acting delusional” |
"You’re not being fair to me” |
|
“No one would believe you if you said anything about it” |
"You should be apologizing to me” |
|
"You need help” |
"Why are you punishing me?” |
|
"You’re just trying to manipulate me” |
"You treated me worse than I ever treated you” |
|
"You regret what you did and now you’re blaming me” |
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