DARVO Measures

1. DARVO-LF (Harsey, Zurbriggen, & Freyd, 2017)

• The 72-item long-form DARVO Experience Questionnaire (DARVO-LF)

• Harsey, S., Zurbriggen, E., & Freyd, J.J. (2017 -- published Open Access). Perpetrator Responses to Victim Confrontation: DARVO and Victim Self-Blame. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma, 26, 644-663.

• Link to full DARVO-LF

   

2. DARVO-SF (Durland, Harsey, & Freyd, 2026) in English and French

• The 18-item short-form DARVO Experiences Questionnaire (DARVO-SF)

• Durland, M.L., Harsey, S., & Freyd, J.J. (2026) Assessing Perpetrator Responses to Confrontation: Associations with a DARVO-SF and Post-trauma Symptoms in Two Different Populations.. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 27, 221-237. (Published online in 2025 ahead of print.) DOI: 10.1080/15299732.2025.2599757.

  Link to full DARVO-SF

  Link to French Translation of the DARVO-SF

   

3. DARVO-USE (Harsey, Adams-Clark, & Freyd, 2024)

• The DARVO Use Questionnaire (DARVO-USE)

• Harsey, S., Adams-Clark, A.A., & Freyd, J. J. (2024). Associations between defensive victim-blaming responses (DARVO), rape myth acceptance, and sexual harassment. PLOS ONE. 19(12): e0313642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313642

Link to full DARVO-USE

Also See

• What is DARVO?
• Tips: Be a Good Listener
• Freyd Dynamics Lab
• The Center for Institutional Courage

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