DARVO Measures

1. DARVO-LF (Harsey, Zurbriggen, & Freyd, 2017)

The 72-item long-form DARVO Experience Questionnaire (DARVO-LF)
Harsey, S., Zurbriggen, E., & Freyd, J.J. (2017 -- published Open Access). Perpetrator Responses to Victim Confrontation: DARVO and Victim Self-Blame. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma, 26, 644-663.
Link to full DARVO-LF

The 18-item short-form DARVO Experiences Questionnaire (DARVO-SF)
Barnes, M. L., Mills, K. L., Harsey, S. J., & Freyd, J. J. (2020, August 06). Assessing perpetrator responses to confrontation: Development of the DARVO-Short Form Scale. [Conference poster]. 2020 APA Annual Convention, Washington, D.C., United States.
Barnes, M. L., Harsey, S., Mills, K. L., & Freyd, J. J. (in press). Assessing Perpetrator Responses to Confrontation: Associations with a DARVO-SF and Posttrauma Symptoms in Two Different Populations. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

Link to full DARVO-SF

Link to French Translation of the DARVO-SF

The DARVO Use Questionnaire (DARVO-USE)
Harsey, S., Adams-Clark, A., & Freyd, J.J. (2022, April). Deny, Attack, Reverse Victim and Offender: DARVO’s Associations with Sexual Harassment and Rape-Supportive Attitudes. Poster presented at the International Society for the Study of Trauma and Dissociation Annual Conference, Seattle, WA, 2-4 April 2022.
Harsey, S., Adams-Clark, A.A., & Freyd, J. J. (2024). Associations between defensive victim-blaming responses (DARVO), rape myth acceptance, and sexual harassment. PLOS ONE. 19(12): e0313642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313642

Link to full DARVO-USE

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